5 W’s Task

Magistrate spins out at hoon culture as eight plead guilty

Who – Eight men aged 20-21, Magistrate Robert Kumar

What – Charges related to hoon driving and drag racing

When – Not Reported

Where – Campbellfield

Why – The men believed that burnouts and hoon driving in general was not dangerous

How – Cars registered to other people

Clayton South Abalone Poacher Fined $2000

Who – Tukaroa Roi

What – Illegally poached abalone

When – Not Reported

Where – Mordialloc

Why – “personal consumption”

How – Fishing off the shallow reef system

Ethics Reflection

The media has the role of acting as the fourth estate in society, which involves representing the interests of the public independent from both the government’s interests and those of the corporate elite. As an independent body, the fourth estate assists in holding those who govern our nation responsible for their actions and ensures that the public is constantly kept aware of what is happening and how it affects them. Determining what is in the interests of ‘the people’ causes ethical and legal conflicts due to the rights held by any individual. Journalists must stay within a set of ethical boundaries, or risk breaching the individual’s right to a good reputation and their right to privacy. The media must strive to reach an equilibrium between both of these priorities in order to ensure the media is fulfilling its role whilst also protecting the individual.

Society relies on journalists and the media to act as a watchdog informing the public when Governments and businesses overstep their own boundaries. Through stories that are newsworthy, fair, unbiased and trustworthy the common individual is able to form their own view on the actions of their governmental and corporate leaders to then act accordingly. An example of the media fulfilling this responsibility is through the reportage of government ministers and their actions inside and outside of parliament. The exercise involving Senator Vetinari demonstrated the need for freedom of the press as it became apparent the senator was misusing his tax-payer funded government car. This is a breach of his duty as a member of parliament, and the public has the right to be aware of such a breach so that they can react in an appropriate manner, which may involve not voting for him come next election. While following the senator it was also found that he was engaging in drink driving and had visited a brothel even though he was married and had a family. Hence, a conflict became apparent between the public’s right to know how the senator was misusing the government car while also protecting Mr Vetinari’s individual rights to privacy and a good reputation.

Each individual has the right to a good reputation, a fair trial, the presumption of innocence and privacy. Journalists must respect these rights while also protecting the right to open justice and the right to free media within our society. In the case of senator Vetinari, the methods used to ascertain the information I had gathered were unethical, as they included an anonymous source who may not be trustworthy and unconsented surveillance which breached the senators right to privacy. Does this mean that as a journalist upholding the rights of an individual I should simply forget I came across this information and not report on it? Definitely not, as the actions of the senator are within the interests of the public, but a decision must be made whether an article can be written which balances between the two. In order to still report on the story, my angle had to focus on the credible facts I gathered from the police, who arrested a man in a government owned vehicle. I was unable to identify the senator by his name, and I also had to refrain from reporting on his visit to the brothel. However, the information I could use enabled me to write a story which followed both legal and ethical requirements and a follow up story when the court case begins will enable me to write another article with greater details (once he enters a guilty plea or the case has concluded).

Protecting individual rights has become increasingly difficult in the digital age as social media enables information to be released on a massive scale and spread on a much larger scale. Any person who may witness a government representative acting in an unethical manner can take a photo and publish it online for the world to see. The media often utilizes these snippets of information, often without proper context, to then write a story which is deemed ethical simply because the news has already been published within the social sphere by a random or unknown social media user. But these practices are unethical, as the credibility of the source must be questioned and the fact that the image itself was taken without consent raise a range of concerns. Journalists must adhere closely to ethical standards with the rise of social media, and ensure that they are continuing to protect individual rights rather than cause significant harm the society and the industry as a whole.

Wilbaramba Weekly Article

Q.1) Identify the key ethical, defamation and court reporting issues arising from this scenario. That is, what will you need to consider when you are reporting on these matters.

1. Basil Basilica was in an altered state of mind – “clearly very drunk”.
2. Reporting on the 14-year-old daughter that Mr Basilica tried to kiss could significantly impact her future if she was to be identified.
3. The daughter is now a victim of a sexual crime, and therefore cannot be identified.
4. The photo taken by Addy Reynard when Mr Basilica was being resuscitated was taken without permission and could also be used to harm Mr Basilica’s reputation – Reynard had been “taunted by Basilica”.
5. The fact that Basilica had taunted Reynard also introduces ulterior motives for the use of this photo and therefore it should not be included in any reportage.
6. The hotel manager’s comments about Basilica should not be reported on because the comment is a personal attack in the heat of the situation.
7. The conversation overheard regarding the water being traded for arms is likely to be gossip, and also heavily biased due to the groups affiliations.
8. Witnessing billionaire David Malarkey leaving with local environmental activist Lyall Franklin makes it appear as if they were the two men you overheard having the conversation, however, this would have to be confirmed.
9. Reporting on the conversation overheard also needs to be fact checked and corroborated to avoid potential defamation lawsuits.
10. Although you witnessed Basil Basilica fighting with what appeared to be “girl’s knickers” on his head, and you also saw him kiss the coach’s daughter, you must not directly make the links between Basilica and the police investigation until he has been charged. Basilica has the right to be presumed innocent of the crime until the investigation has come to a conclusion.

Q.2) Edit the articles according to any legal/ethical issues that may arise from what is written. Mark any paragraphs you would remove.

Water ‘terrorists’ target Wilba
EXCLUSIVE
By Gracey Trimshaw

Peaceful Wilbaramba is under threat from an internationally active terrorist group that is determined to highlight the vulnerability of the local Gulgul River to climate change.

The WWW, or Wilba Water Warriors, has links to other aqua-terrorists around the world and the WWW is one of a growing number of groups using violent methods to protect waterways as global warming tightens its grip, The Wilbaramba Weekly has learned.

Information obtained by The Weekly three days ago indicates the WWW is planning a series of bombing raids and violent attacks on local irrigation users and facilities to highlight the vulnerability of the Gulgul River.

The river, which begins near the north-west New South Wales town of Bourke, was almost halted thanks to a decade-long drought, heavy irrigation and a government funded pipe-line that takes precious northern water to Melbourne 287 km to the south. More recently, however, heavy flooding has cost local farmers an estimated $16 million in stock, feed and fencing losses.

Local members of the WWW have threatened to take direct action against local water users as part of an international week of terrorist action linking groups as far apart as the Suez and Panama Canals and the Straits of Gibraltar.

XXXX“The Wilbaramba Water Warriors have to take action before it’s too late,” a spokesman,
who did not wish to be named, said. “Governments all around the world are trying
to control water.”XXXX *Use of anonymous sources, comment should be removed and it is also non-essential to the story.

Billionaire resident and environmental activist Dwayne Malarkey, 47, denied last
night he was party to the alleged threats or a member of the Wilbaramba Water Warriors.

“I’m obviously concerned about the Gulgul river but I let my money and my mid. ind do
the talking and persuading,” he said.
‘Blind’ Basilica ruins Hounslow night

Police investigate Hounslow rape and assault claims.
By Gracey Trimshaw

Troubled Wilbaramba star forward Basil Basilica was “blind” at Friday night’s Hounslow medal count and is believed to have sexually assaulted up to three women before falling into a chocolate fountain and nearly drowning.

Guests at the district’s most prestigious awards night, held for the first time at The Wilbaramba Hotel’s Cascade room, said the 23-year-old was “blind” drunk after drinking six Crown lagers, two Fluffy Ducks, six vodkas and three whiskies.

XXXXBasilica is alleged to have “groped” the medal winner’s wife, kissed his coach’s 14-year-old
daughter, Deanne, and made “sexually suggestive” gestures towards teammate Chris
Dudd’s girlfriend, Leanne Twinty.XXXX *Incorrect name of coach’s daughter, and she should not be identified due to her age and the nature of the crime.

Wilbaramba Police sergeant Paul Perkins said he was investigating several incidents from
Friday night’s Hounslow awards night, including two alleged sexual assaults on women and a possible violent assault on a man.

Sergeant Perkins said it was not yet clear what had gone on but one woman had told police
she was raped, another alleged she was sexually assaulted and a man alleged he was
violently assaulted. *No charges yet, use paragraph below with direct quote from Sergeant Perkins.

“We’re talking to everyone who attended the Hounslow so, as you can imagine, that’s a big
task. What we know at the moment is that a lot of alcohol was drunk, maybe too much, and at
least one female person alleges she was sexually assaulted and a male person alleges
he was violently assaulted,” Sergeant Perkins said.

When police closed down Friday night’s drunken celebrations at 3am, the prestigious
event was in complete disarray, according to 2010’s Hounslow medal winner Dave Dellal.

“It was a complete shemozzle,” Dellal told The Weekly. “My big night has been ruined by that
idiot. My wife ended up in tears; Duddy’s girlfriend is ropeable and says she’ll never come back to Wilbaramba and poor old Deanne is still in hospital.”

Q.3) There are three separate issues arising from Sergeant Perkin’s statement. Prepare a news briefs – one paragraph with a one-line headline on top – for any that can be reported.

BASIL BASILICA CHARGED WITH RAPE

The Wilby Wanderers star forward has been charged for rape after Friday night’s Hounslow awards event.

POLICE INVESTIGATING THREATS TO IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Police have confirmed an attempted break in into the Gulgul Dam on Friday night and are being assisted by a 47-year-old local who has yet to be charged.

Havelock Vetinari Article

Senator Havelock Vetinari

An Ankh-Morpork parliament member has been arrested on the corner of Negotiable Affection and Shades street for driving while drunk last night.

Constable Fred Colan said the 57-year-old was pulled over by a booze bus in a taxpayer funded government car.

The man was placed in a cell overnight before attending a bail hearing in the morning. He will return to court for his hearing next week.

PC Colan said, “we’re sick of drink-drivers, people just don’t seem to learn that alcohol behind the wheel is totally unacceptable.”

Q.1) What was your main consideration in selecting the angle for this story?
Reading through the briefing sheet it was clear that there were two important newsworthy events that could be reported on. I had the option of taking the angle focusing on Senator Vetinari visiting a brothel, or the fact that he was caught drink driving in a taxpayer funded car. As the police had provided me with a statement that a 57 year old in a government car had been caught drunk behind the wheel, I chose this angle as it was from a trustworthy source. The other information I had gathered was from my own surveillance of the senator and an anonymous source, which would potentially breach my ethical and legal requirements in writing the piece.

Q.2) What was the main legal implication when writing this story?
Defamation was the main legal implication when writing this story as one of my key sources was anonymous. It would be a risk to trust this source who may potentially have a hidden agenda with the aim of defaming the Senator through my writing. I was unable to write that the Senator was abusing his position as I would become vulnerable to legal action from Vetinari, and I would be unable to call upon the anonymous source to prove what I said as the truth.

Q.3) What was the main ethical consideration when writing this story?
Following the Senator to the brothel without him being aware was unethical, even if it provided for a newsworthy headline. I had to take into account the impact that writing such a story which focused on his visit to the brothel would have on his family, who would likely find out from the media before he told them of his actions. I was unable to seek a reply from the senator, which would notify him I would be publishing the story, and therefore I chose to leave this information out of the piece

Q.4) How would you follow up this story?
Firstly, I would gather more information from parliament members about the senator’s actions, and hopefully gain some sources who would not remain anonymous. Then I would fulfil his right to reply, and interview him surrounding the events.

Pop Culture Article

Masked Terrorists Attempt to Assassinate Queen
Written By Nick Powell
20th of July 2015

Masked terrorists invaded the Meereenian fighting pits as Queen Daenerys Targaryen escaped on top of her dragon at today’s celebratory events.

The Sons of the Harpy attempted to assassinate the Queen as thousands flooded into the fighting pits, recently reopened after the Queen announced her marriage to Hizdahr zo Loraq.

Jorah Mormont, a competitor in the pit, protected Daenerys as the leader of the Queen’s Guard Daario Naharis was overwhelmed with the constant flow of enemy combatants.

Known for wearing a golden mask with two horns, The Sons of the Harpy are fighting to return slavery in Meereen, after the Queen outlawed slavery when she arrived.

Having found refuge on the grounds of the pit the group became surrounded by armed men trying to reach the Queen and take control over Meereen.

Previously thought to have abandoned Daenerys, her dragon Drogon swooped into the pit, slaughtering those threatening the Queen and igniting their robes. The Queen was then flown to safety leaving the Unsullied to restore order within the city and rescue the Queen’s guest, Tyrion of House Lannister.

Magistrate Encourages Graffiti Artists to Pursue Professional Work

Magistrate Encourages Graffiti Artists to Pursue Professional Work 

October 9th, Nick Powell

An 18-­year-­old university student has been encouraged to continue his profession as a graffiti artist after being caught trespassing into a factory in Spotswood, the court heard yesterday.

George Romios was “adventuring for inspiration,” his lawyer told the Magistrate, when he was arrested by police with a backpack and camera in his possession.

The Magistrate was told of Mr Romios’ aspiration to continue his work painting graffiti professionally. His lawyer ensured the magistrate Mr Romios’ would focus on studying graphic design and was in a steady relationship supporting his academic work.

The defence presented referees from the teenager’s mother, teachers and former employers, which were “positive reflections of his changing attitude,” the court heard.

When shown samples of the work, the shift from potentially illegal behaviour to professional practice “was an encouraging sign,” according to the Magistrate.

This was one of three trespassing cases heard by the Magistrate’s court related to Graffiti art, and all received warnings due to the signs of reform shown through their work on display in Melbourne.

Mr Romios avoided a conviction on his record but received a warning with 12 months good behaviour, for which he said he was “genuinely appreciative.”

“I hope you continue your studies and pursue this professionally,” the magistrate said.

Suspended Driver Receives Final Warning

Suspended Driver Receives Final Warning

October 9th, Nick Powell

The Magistrates’ Court heard guilty pleas from two defendants who were both caught driving with a suspended license within the last five months yesterday morning.

Pardeep Singh was one week from having his license renewed when he was caught behind the wheel in Kensington. “He decided to drive himself and his cousin home because his cousin had driven them there,” said Mr Singh’s attorney.

The court heard both defendants were in stable jobs and required their cars for work. The magistrate warned both of the men to “think about this before taking to the wheel.”

When asked if he understood the potential consequences of his behaviour, Mr Singh plead for a final chance promising he would not make the same mistake.

Mr Singh’s defence ensured the judge his client made an “error in judgement”, but it would not happen again as it would mean he will lose his job.

The Magistrate acknowledged the remorse shown by Mr Singh and gave him a stern warning to not breach his license provisions again. He was fined $600 to be paid over four months.

Court Report Reflection

Reflection

The aim of a court report is to outline the details of courtroom proceedings that are in the interest of the public. In doing this, journalists are fulfilling their role as the fourth estate, ensuring that the media represents and shares news within the interest of the public. Reporting about events that take place within the court requires journalists to pay attention to both the ethical expectations and potential legal ramifications in covering a case. The media must constantly strive for a balance between freedom of the press and the right for every individual to have a fair trial.

Both court reports written on the topics of graffiti and driving with a suspended license would be published in statewide papers such as The Age or the Herald Sun. These issues are not isolated to a specific area, and they are prevalent across the state. Therefore, a statewide media platform would be best suited in order to inform the public of the shift in the attitude of graffiti artists and the issue of drivers taking to the roads on suspended licenses. The articles would have been published on the 9th of October, the next day following the court proceedings. For the first story (Magistrate Encourages Graffiti Artists to Pursue Professional Work), I wrote it from an angle that focuses on the reformation of this graffiti artist, who since his crime was committed had worked to avoid breaking the law by making it his legal profession. The main reason for why I chose this specific angle was due to the repetitive nature of the cases, as I sat through three similar graffiti related cases where the defendant mentioned their endeavour to pursue this form of art as a career rather than an illegal act. I was able to combine these individual cases for the article, and then focus on one specific case to provide the reader with more details about the court proceedings. The article opens with the teenager being ‘encouraged’ by the courts to continue pursuing a career in the area, which I believe is the most newsworthy element of the story as it is unique in regards to the harsher words and stricter sentences usually handed out to alleged vandals. In the second article (Suspended Driver Receives Final Warning), my main consideration for choosing the angle was again the repetition of cases. I heard two separate trials involving a driver being caught with a suspended license and thought that it was essential for me to highlight this in the first line of the article. The fact that two drivers have plead guilty to driving with a suspended license within a short period of time, with one of them only a week away from having it renewed, is a warning for all drivers and therefore an appropriate angle which is in the interest of the public to read.

When sitting in the courtroom and writing notes on these trials, the main legal implication that impacted these stories was the reportage of past crimes. Both trials spent a long time listing and using past sentences as a point of prosecution and defence. In the case of the graffiti artist, the defendant had made many appearances in the Children’s Court for vandalism, which was a key piece of information relating to his claim that he was trespassing only for inspiration and not to spray paint a wall. I had to constantly remind myself that this information could not be included in the article, which proved to be difficult when trying to write an interesting article which also adheres to all legal and ethical requirements. This was also the same with the second article, where both defendants had their license suspended a second time. Therefore, their criminal history stated the details of the prior arrests and sentences when they were first caught. Instead of reporting this, I was required to limit myself to write purely on the current charge even though there was a clear trend of repeat offending occurring with suspended licenses being ignored. Many other cases I sat through on the day were newsworthy, but due to the lack of preparation by the defense they were adjourned after the judge was briefed on the case. These cases were all sub judice, meaning they were still undergoing judicial consideration and therefore they are not to be discussed within the public forum.

The ethical expectations regarding court reporting aim to ensure that the article is equally balanced between the duty of the media to inform the public and the right for any individual to receive a fair trial. Although all defendants involved in the articles I wrote plead guilty, which enabled me to share more information which was no longer sub judice, there were still a range of ethical standards I had to be aware of. Refraining from including information regarding the defendant’s past criminal history sustained their right to a fair trial, and ensured that no presumptions were made by readers. In the case they did not plead guilty, this would also fulfill their right to a presumption of innocence, as providing an extensive list of past crimes would assist readers in forming the opinion that the defendant is guilty. When covering these stories I had to ensure that my article was in no way breaching the individual’s right to a good reputation. The article shouldn’t include any of my own judgements made by what I witnessed in the courtroom, and should not speak ill of the defendant or prosecution.

Through an awareness of both the legal and ethical requirements involved with court reporting I was able to write two articles which achieved a balance between reporting what is in the interest of the public and sustaining the right to a fair trial. These articles could be followed up by interviewing other parties involved in the crimes committed, such as the property owner whose factory was broken into by the graffiti artist or the cousin of the suspended driver. I could also contact the police and attorney for more precise details on the crime committed and analyse evidence presented to the judge in the form of referees who had an association with the defendants.